For over a decade, the Uganda Population-based HIV Impact Assessment (UPHIA) has stood at the forefront of the nation's fight against HIV/AIDS. As a large-scale, nationally representative household survey, UPHIA provides critical insights into the state of the epidemic, informing policy decisions and driving targeted interventions that save lives and improve public health.

Implemented by the Ministry of Health (MOH) in collaboration with Makerere University School of Public Health (MakSPH) and supported by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) through the U.S. President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR), UPHIA embodies a collaborative spirit essential to tackling complex global health challenges.

The core mission of UPHIA is to measure the impact of HIV programs at the population level. By collecting data on key indicators, including HIV prevalence, incidence, viral load suppression, and access to prevention and treatment services, UPHIA offers a comprehensive snapshot of Uganda's progress towards achieving epidemic control. This data is invaluable for policymakers, program managers, and researchers seeking to understand the dynamics of the epidemic and refine strategies to achieve optimal outcomes.

UPHIA employs a rigorous methodology to ensure the accuracy and reliability of its data. The survey utilizes a multi-stage cluster sampling design to select a representative sample of households across the country. Trained field teams then conduct in-person interviews and collect blood samples from consenting participants. These samples are tested for HIV infection, and viral load measurements are performed to assess the effectiveness of antiretroviral therapy (ART). Strict quality control measures are implemented throughout the data collection and laboratory testing processes to minimize errors and ensure data integrity.

The information gleaned from UPHIA surveys has profound implications for HIV prevention and treatment efforts in Uganda. By identifying populations and geographic areas with the highest HIV prevalence, UPHIA data enables targeted interventions to reach those most in need. For example, if the survey reveals that HIV prevalence is particularly high among young women in a specific region, resources can be directed towards programs that promote safe sex practices, increase access to testing, and provide support for those living with HIV.

Furthermore, UPHIA data helps to monitor the effectiveness of existing HIV programs and identify areas where improvements are needed. By tracking trends in viral load suppression, for example, policymakers can assess the impact of ART programs and identify barriers to treatment adherence. This information can be used to refine treatment guidelines, improve patient support services, and ensure that individuals living with HIV are receiving the care they need to achieve optimal health outcomes.

UPHIA also plays a critical role in informing resource allocation decisions. By providing data on the cost-effectiveness of different HIV interventions, UPHIA helps policymakers prioritize investments that will have the greatest impact on reducing HIV transmission and improving the lives of people living with HIV. This ensures that limited resources are used efficiently and effectively to achieve the greatest possible public health benefit.

Beyond its direct impact on HIV programs, UPHIA contributes to building a stronger public health infrastructure in Uganda. The survey provides valuable training and capacity building opportunities for Ugandan researchers, healthcare professionals, and data managers. By strengthening local expertise in data collection, analysis, and interpretation, UPHIA helps to ensure the long-term sustainability of HIV monitoring and evaluation efforts.

The UPHIA study is more than just a data-gathering exercise; it is a testament to Uganda's commitment to ending the HIV/AIDS epidemic and improving the health and well-being of all its citizens. Through ongoing research, collaboration, and a dedication to evidence-based decision-making, UPHIA will continue to play a crucial role in illuminating the path towards an HIV-free future for Uganda. It helps give insight with the community.

Vivian Zalwango Mubiru

Data Manager

Vivian Zalwango Mubiru is the Data Manager for PMA Uganda, with extensive experience in data management, monitoring, and analysis. She holds a Master of Health Services Research and a Post Graduate Diploma in IT.